“Religion is regarded by the common people as true, by the wise as false, and by rulers as useful.” — Seneca the Younger Religion has historically played a fundamental role in shaping political systems, national identities, and social institutions. Far from being confined to the private sphere, religion has influenced laws, governance, and international relations across different regions of the world. In this sense, the relationship between religion and the State remains one of the most complex and debated issues in contemporary global politics (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2025a). Throughout history, many societies have struggled to define the boundaries between religious authority and political power. The concept of secularism emerged as an attempt to establish a separation between Church and State, promoting neutrality in public institutions and ensuring freedom of belief. However, this separation has not been applied uniformly across countries. While some nations adopt strict se...